The two questions that most interest me in information management are:
- To what extent can the information management models that we have used succesfully within organisations be transferred across to the vastly larger scales of the world wide web?
- To what extent can the methods that have been succesfully developed to link people to information on the world wide web be transferred back to the smaller and more intimate scales of a single organisation?
The standard information management model within an organisation has been for information professionals to persuade/cajole/coerce their colleagues to describe and classify the information that they create.
Information professionals spend a lot of time developing metadata schema, controlled vocabularies and classification structures of one sort or another, and even more time trying to get people to use them.
Most information professionals would argue that the effort is worth it - it is vital to capture the knowledge that document creators have about the context and content of that information.
It is interesting to note that it has not proved possible to extend this model to the world wide web.
It is true that the world has agreed on a metadata schema: Dublin Core fixes 15 fields to describe the resource you are contributing to the web. And a further standard, the Resource description framework, builds on Dublin Core by allowing you to identify which controlled vocabulary you are using to provide the keywords for any particular Dublin Core field.
Many webpage owners provide Dublin Core metadata in the 'header' of their webpage. But this data is largely ignored by the big search engines, and by people looking for information.
Google makes negligible use of Dublin Core metadata. It does not offer you an interface to search Dublin Core metadata on websites. It makes little or no use of the metadata in its PageRank algorithm. Its not interested in what creators of information say about their information, and with so many unscrupulous website promoters (think of gaming, porn, Viagra sites) who can blame it?
So if the web won't take the models that have (largely) worked in organisations, what can organisations learn from the web?
The two trends most apparent on the web that aren't yet replicated in organisations are:
- the attention that the web pays to the knowledge that users have of the information that they have found useful (everything from Google's PageRank to all the social bookmarking tools on the web)
- the extent to which the web allows people to simply tag resources with words that are meaningful to the tagger, without constraining people with metadata schema and controlled vocabularies (see Technorati tags which lets bloggers tag their blogposts, Flickr which lets photographers tag their photos)
Here is a link to a case study detailing how IBM implemented a social bookmarking tool in their organisation, and the benefits it has brought in terms of:
- alerting people to the existence of colleagues with similar interests to themselves
- alerting people to the existence of information resources that those colleagues with similar interests to themselves have found useful.
Social bookmarking is by no means an alternative to classifications and controlled vocabularies. When you need to get your hands on all the records arising from a particular project the social bookmarking tool won't help you much. But it provides something that a classification could not offer: personal recommendations to particular documents or document collections.